~SOA(安全操作區域)~
SOA是由5條limit線所圍起來的一個區域,在任何測試條件下都必須讓MOSFET操作在SOA的範圍之內,才能確保MOSFET在操作上是安全可靠的。而這5條limit線分別為Rds-on、pulse電流、maximum功率、熱穩定與breakdown電壓
~Tj(操作接面溫度)~
MOSFET所產生的power loss,主要可以分為switching loss與conduction loss,而switching loss又可區分為下面這些部份
>switching loss
-Switch on loss
-gate charge loss(Qg)
-output capacitance loss(Coss)
因此整體的power loss = switching loss + conduction loss。知道power loss,再透過下列的計算公式,即可計算出MOSFET的junction溫度
>Tj = Tc + Pd_total x Rthjc-Tc為MOSFET上lead frame溫度
-Rthjc為MOSFET本身的熱阻係數,單位為℃/W,標示在datasheet內
MOSFET switching loss與conduction loss計算方式分如下:
>switching loss
-switch on = 1/2 x Vds x Ids x tp x Fs
-switch off = 1/2 x Vds x Ids x tp x Fsw
-gate charge loss(Qg) = Vgs x Qg x Fsw
-output capacitance loss(Coss) = 1/2 x Coss x V_bulk^2 x Fsw
>conduction loss
-conduction = Irms^2 x Rds-on_Tj
~SOA計算範例~
先量測出MOSFET在worst case時的波形,範例波形如下:
且在抓取波形時須特別注意下述二點:
1.Vds電壓與Ids電流必須零點重疊
2.開啟Vds與Ids乘積之Math功能
藉由Math波形找出在乘積最大時之Vcross、Icross與tp訊息來評估SOA
Ex:90Vac turn on test@full load, Tc=100℃, PFC MOSFET為IPW60R060P7
先找出在此一測試條件下之Vcross、Icross與tp訊息,來描繪出新的SOA。利用上述訊息即可計算出
>Pd = 600V x 24A = 14400W
>(150 - 80) / Z = 14400 , Z = 0.00486℃/W
>(150 - 100) / 0.00486 = 10288W
>10288W / 600V = 17.1A
再將量測波形與計算出來的數據,描繪到SOA上
若綠線交叉點在橘色線所圍出來的區域之下,即可判定SOA為Pass。
~Tj計算範例~
Ex:264Vac Steady state test@full load, Tc=100℃, PWM MOSFET為IPD60R650CE
1.先計算出turn on與turn off的switching loss
-Switch_turn on loss = 1/2 x 220 x 0.9 x 168ns x 55.5KHz = 0.923W
-Switch_turn off loss = 1/2 x 560 x 1.8 x 81.2ns x 55.5KHz = 2.27W
2.Qg與Coss的switching loss
-Switch_Qg loss = 15 x 20.5nC x 55.5KHz = 0.045W
-Switch_Coss loss = 1/2 x 30pF x 510^2 x 55.5KHz = 0.707W
3.因此整體的switching loss
-P_switching loss = 0.923 + 2.27 + 0.045 + 0.707 = 3.945W
4.Conduction loss的計算
-P_Conduction loss = 1.2^2 x 0.34ohm = 0.49W
5.MOSFET全部的Pd loss為switching loss加上conduction loss
-Pd loss = 3.945W + 0.49W = 4.435W
6.代入上述Pd loss,即可計算出Tj溫度
-Tj = Tc + (Pd x Rthjc) = 100 + (4.435 x 3.7) = 116.41℃
7.若Tj計算結果低於datasheet spec,即可判定Tj為Pass
-高壓MOSFET Tj spec為150℃
參考來源